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完形填空题指导（一）
完形填空题指导（一）
1
The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.
- Thomas Macaulay
Some thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs. Nanette O'Neil gave an arithmetic 1 to our class. When the papers were 2 she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the 3 mistakes throughout the test.
There is nothing really new about
Mrs. O'Neill asked 7 questions, and didn't 8 us either. Instead she wrote on the blackboard the 9 words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to 10 these words into our exercise books one hundred times.
I don't 11 about the other eleven boys. Speaking for 12 I can say: it was the most important single 13 of my life. Thirty years after being 14 to Macaulay's words, they 15 seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give us a 16 to measure ourselves rather than others.
17 of us are asked to make 18 decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called 19 daily to make a great many personal decisions. 20 the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket 21 turned over to the policeman? Should the 22 change received at the store be forgotten or 23 ? Nobody will know except 24 . But you have to live with yourself, and it is always 25 to live with someone you respect.
1.A.test B. problem C. paper D. lesson
2.A.examined B. completed C. marked D. answered
3.A.easy B. funny C. same D. serious
4.A.lying B. cheating C. guessing D. discussing
5.A.didn't B. did C. would D. wouldn't
6.A.come B. leave C. remain D. apologize
7.A.no B. certain C. many D. more
8.A.excuse B. reject C. help D. scold
9.A.above B. common C. following D. unusual
10.A.repeat B. get C. put D. copy
11.A.worry B. know C. hear D. talk
12.A.myself B. ourselves C. themselves D. herself
13.A.chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory
14.A.referred B. shown C. brought D. introduced
15.A.even B. still C. always D. almost
16.A.way B. sentence C. choice D. reason
17.A.All B. Few C. Some D. None
18.A.quick B. wise C. great D. personal
19.A.out B. for C. up D. upon
20.A.Should B. Must C. Would D. Need
21.A.and B. or C. then D. but
22.A.extra B. small C. some D. necessary
23.A.paid B. remembered C. shared D. returned
24.A.me B. you C. us D. them
25.A.easier B. more natural
C. better D. more peaceful
【解题指导】
1.该题要求考生抓住第一自然段的中心大意后再选择最佳答案。本文讲述的是作者三十年前在纽约一公立学校读书时所经历的一件事。即一次数学考试给作者带来思索和对他后来生活所产生的巨大影响。只要考生抓住第一自然段的 test 一词，便能得出A为该题的最佳答案，而其余几个选项均不合题意。
2.答案为C。因为只有试卷批阅完之后才能发现问题。
3.批完试卷后，奥尼尔太太发现十二位男同学犯了完全相同的错误，故C为最佳答案。
4.答案为B。没有任何新的迹象证明他们在考试中作弊。cheating意为“作弊”，而lying 则是“说谎”的意思。
5.答案为A。正因为找不到考试作弊的证据，奥尼尔太太才一句话都没讲。
6.奥尼尔太太只要求这十二位男同学课后留下。C为最佳答案。
7.答案为A。该题考查最基本的语言结构，因为第二分句中的 either 一词可以告诉考生，此空必须填 no。
8.奥尼尔太太没问任何问题，也没有训斥我们。D为最佳答案。
9.该题要求考生抓住文章开头引用的麦考莱的名言：衡量一个人真正的为人，要看他在知道永远也不会被人发现的情况下做些什么。并理解其深刻的内含，故A为最佳答案。
10.奥尼尔太太让我们将麦考莱的这句名言在笔记本上抄写一百遍。D为最佳答案。
11.根据下文所述内容，该题的最佳答案为B。即“对于此事，我不知道其他十一位同学的感受如何。”
12.该题考查反身代词的用法，speaking 的逻辑主语为I，故A为正确答案。
13.答案为C。对我自己而言，我可以说，这件事对我的生活是一个最重要的教训。这里 lesson 意为“教训”，即 sth. experienced, especially sth. Serving as an example or a warning。
14.三十年后将麦考莱的名言传授给我，还仍然记忆犹新，也是生活中最好的准绳。D为最佳答案。
15.答案为B。
16.麦考莱的名言给了我衡量自己的方法，答案是A。
17.该题要求考生抓住下文中的关键词 But，这样，便可得出B为最佳答案。
18.我们当中很少有人被要求做出像参加国家战争或军事战役这样大的决定。C为最佳答案。
19.答案为C。call upon 意为 ask。而call out, call for和call up的意思分别是：ask(sb) to come out(召呼某人出来，)demand or require(要求)和telephone to(打电话的……)。值得注意的是，call for虽有“要求”的意思，但不能与不定式构成复合结构。
20.答案为A。
21.答案是B。只要考生抓住下文中句子结构，便可轻而易举地得出其排比的表达法，即Should…or…?
22.只要考生得知 change 一词是“零钱”的意思，便可得出A是最佳答案。
23.答案是D。从商店找回的零钱是应该丢掉还是存入银行?这里的return意为 give as a profit，即“生(利)”的意思。
24.上述事情除了你之外没有人知道，故B为最佳答案。
25.根据上下文的意思，选C最为恰当。
2
Todd was working at his gas station(加油站)at night when he heard over the radio that a
The news 8 twenty minutes later. The gunman had
Todd stood up and 16 to see out into the cold night. It was dark but Todd saw the headlights coming at him and a car pulled in for 19 , There it was, a white Ford. He saw the 20 ,LJR1939.
“What should I do?”Todd had to make a quick 21 .
“Yes, sir?”Todd 23 while making up his mind for sure.
“ 23 her up,”the man said sounding like any other 24 .
When the tank(油箱)was full, Todd quickly turned round and pointed a gun at the man.
“Hands up 25 get out!”
1.A.store B. bank C. station D. house
2.A.searched for B. held up
C. taken over D. broken into
3.A.walks B. looks C. marches D. drives
4.A.for B. by C. to D. of
5.A.satisfaction B. difficulty
C. disappointment D. spirit
6.A.saved B. made C. offered C. needed
7.A.collet B. prove C. sign D. write
8.A.continued B. lasted C. spread D. arrived
9.A.bought B. borrowed C. stolen D. stopped
10.A.sent B. found C. left D. pushed
11.A.calling from B. fleeing from
C. heading for D. looking for
12.A.news B. warning C. advice D. voice
13.A.Look B. Run C. Call D. Set
14.A.guests B. strangers C. prisoners D. passengers
15.A.harm B. favor C. service D. business
16.A.tried B. decided C. hoped D. happened
17.A.considered B. knew
C. recognized D. learnt
18.A.then B. there C. right D. now
19.A.directions B. repairs C. gas D. parking
20.A.mark B. number C. sign D. name
21.A.decision B. call C. movement D. remark
22.A.wondered B. stopped C. waited D. asked
23.A.Cover B. Fill C. Check D. Tie
24.A.visitor B. robber C. driver D. rider
25.A.or B. and C. but D. to
【解题指导】
1.本文讲解的是托德根据电台提供的线索在加油站智擒抢劫犯的故事。考生应抓住第一自然段中关键的信息 bank，便能得出B是最佳答案。
2.根据句中定语从句的提示，考生可以断定D为最佳答案，即“闯入银行”。
3.答案为A。
4.答案为C。从文中 whistled 一词可以看出托德对银行被抢一事所反应出的心态。
5.这位伙计步入银行轻而易举地拿走15万美元，而托德由此想到自己为了搞到这笔钱开办加油站所经历的艰难。故B为最佳答案。
6.D为最佳答案。即“需要这笔钱来开办加油站。”
7.“签阅文件”，故C为最佳答案。
8.句中的 later 这一关键词提示考生，A为最佳答案。即“20分钟后电台又继续报道事态的发展。”
9.“拦住一辆小汽车”，D为最佳答案。
10.“把司机推出车外”，D为最佳答案。
11.“他很可能开白色福特汽车朝南国大道方向行驶”。故C为最佳答案。
12.“播音员的声音”D为最佳答案。
13.答案为A。“注意白色的轿车。”
14.答案为B。“不要让陌生人搭车。”
15.答案为C。“任何加油站的人最好不要对白色福特汽车提供服务。”
16.“设法观察外面寒冷的夜色。”A为最佳答案。
17.“夜色漆黑，但托德知道南国大道就在那边。”B为最佳答案。
18.“就在那时，托德看到汽车前灯朝他照来。”A为最佳答案。
19.答案为C，pull in for gas 意为“进站加油。”
20.“车牌号是LJR
21.make a quick decision 意为“迅速作出决定”，A为最佳答案。
22.直接引语中的问号提示考生，D为最佳答案。
23.Fill her up 意为“给车加油”，故B为最佳答案。
24.答案为C。
25.托德命令到：“举手出来。”B为最佳答案。
3
During the past hundred years, the car, the radio, the cinema, and now television, have produced great
A 3 years ago, people were in the habit of making 4 amusements. When a group of people 5 together, they talked, played cards, or other games, or 6 riding, shooting or walking together. Most people could sing a little, or 7 some musical instrument(乐器)reasonably well; so at a party the guests amused each other. 8 ,conversation(聊天)was an 9 :amusing conversation could 10 people happy for hours.
As for games such as football and cricket(板球),people were also in the habit of playing 11 themselves. Most of them did not play very well, but they 12 themselves and their friends.
Nowadays we are amused by professional(专业的) singers or plays. 13 listen to your friend singing when you can 14 the great singers of the world over the radio or on TV? Why play football with players who 15 very good when you can go to 16 some of the best players in your country 17 an important match? You may just sit comfortably 18 and watch the game without the 19 of going outside.
The art of conversation and the 20 of playing and singing are 21 ;people are becoming more and more lookers and listeners, and 22 doers and talkers. This change does people 23 :it is better to do something 24 well oneself than 25 to sit and watch others doing it.
1.A.harm B. pleasure C. changes D. danger
2.A.busy B. free C. good D. day
3.A.hundred B. thousand C. century D. few
4.A.them B. theirs C. their own D. themselves
5.A.walked B. played C. met D. gathered
6.A.went out B. went on C. kept out D. kept on
7.A.make B. sing C. do D. play
8.A.First of all B. Above all
C. After all D. At first
9.A.art B. interest C. fun D. importance
10.A.let B. make C. keep D. cause
11.A.it B. them C. one D. with
12.A.enjoyed B. played C. taught D. amused
13.A.Why B. Why not C. How about D. How about not
14.A.watch B. become C. hear D. admire
15.A.is B. are C. is not D. are not
16.A.join in B. play with C. see D. find
17.A.acting B. enjoying C. joining D. playing
18.A.at home B. at a cinema
C. at a stadium D. at the playground
19.A.problem B. trouble
C. question D. difficulty
20.A.art B. habit C. idea D. interest
21.A.growing B. developing
C. dying D. disappearing
22.A.better B. worse C. more D. less
23.A.more good than harm B. either good or harm
C. more harm than good D. neither good nor harm
24.A.fairly B. not very C. rather D. quite
25.A.always B. often C. sometimes D. never
【解题指导】
1.根据amusements一词应排除A和D项答案。如考虑选项B，似乎给人的感觉是一百年前没有娱乐活动，而只是近一百年里才有，这是错误的。从本文的整体内容来考虑，作者主要讲的是一百年前和一百年来娱乐生活方面的对比及变化，故最佳答案应是C。
2.人们开车兜风、听收音机、看电影、看电视而进行的娱乐活动是为了度过他们的空闲时光，而不是为了度过他们的好时光，在忙的时候，人们不可能进行这些活动。尽管人们有时白天也会进行这些娱乐活动，但一般是在周末或节假日，通常白天是人们工作的时候，故选B。而否定A、C、D。
3.根据下文所述内容，再与文章开头的During the past hundred years,可以判断出本段讲的是一百年前的娱乐情况，故选A。如考虑选项C项，应说A century ago,在century后不能用years.
4.只有C their own可以作定语，修饰名词amusements。
5.下面一些娱乐活动是人们聚集在一起所进行的，应选D。上下文例举的娱乐活动都是played的内容，前面再用played，语言就会因为重复而显得单调无味，故不选B。meet together不符合语言表达习惯。
6.riding,shooting or walking 均为走出去而进行的户外活动，应选A。went on 意为“继续进行”，kept out 意为“不让进入”，kept on意为“坚持下去”，三个选项均不符合句意。
7.正如我们只能说play the piano/violin等，这里只有play可以和musical instrument搭配，故选D。
8.在叙述了一系列娱乐活动后，作者认为最好的一种是聊天，故选B。First of all 意为“首先”，用于叙述一系列事情之前。After all意为“毕竟”，“不管怎么说”，用于强调后面要说的情况，提醒不要过份考虑前面所说情况的情景。At first 意为“起初”，用于和后来的情况进行对比。A、C、D均不符合文意。
9.根据文中不定冠词an，应排除C。根据下文，有趣的交谈能使人们快乐，另外一方面，交谈也会使人感到乏味，枯燥，这样，交谈实际上是一种艺术，文章最后一段The art of conversation…也有提示，故选A。选项B、D不符文意。
10.根据状语For hours,只有用keep一词可以表示在一段时间内保持某种状态和情况，故选C。其它三选项不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
11.应用them指前面football和cricket,故选B。
12.首先注意本题后面有两个宾语，表示“玩得愉快”，可以说enjoy oneself,但不能说 enjoy sb，故不选A。amuse=make……happy，可以说amuse oneself,也可以说amuse sb,故选D。选项B、C不符合文意。
13.根据下文why play football…，这里应选A。
14.根据上文的提示语Listen to,这里应选C。hear sb 可表示倾听某人演奏、唱歌或演讲等。
15.本句的整体意思是：当人们有机会看高水平运动员进行足球比赛时，就不太愿意和低水平的人踢足球了，因此本题应选D。
16.根据句意应选C，表示“观看”。
17.选D。playing an important match这一现在分词短语作不定式动词see的宾语补足语。其它三项中的动词均不能和match搭配。
18.根据下文without…of going outside，应选A，表示人们可以舒适地坐在家里而不需到外面就可以通过电视观看到重要比赛。
19.当人们非常舒适地有这种享受时，往往会把到户外去进行其它活动看成一种trouble，这里选trouble一词与前面comfortable一词相对比。
20.作者认为，由于有了高科技带来的娱乐活动，所以人们的谈话艺术以及传统的运动和唱歌的习惯在逐渐降低或被抛弃。两并列主语用art和habit较为合理。
21.be dying 表示“逐渐降低或消逝。”选项A、B不符文意，disappear为短暂性动词，不宜用进行时。
22.选D。Less与前面more相对，本句中的more和less均指程度，而不指数量。
23.这里可看出作者的观点是不赞同这种娱乐形式的变化，认为给人们所带来的弊要大于利，这点可根据上文得出结论，故选C。
24.由于上述情况，作者认为：人们自己应多参加活动，纵然水平不高，也要比光看别人玩好。故选B。
25.选A。与上文所述一致，B和C程度不够，与上文情况不符。
4
The following is about wedding customs around the world.
In Scotland, when a couple 1 married, the bride comes to the bridegroom's home 2 the wedding day. She
In Java, Indonesia, the bride
1.A.are B. gets C. has D. will be
2.A.for B. at C. on D. by
3.A.throws B. gives C. sends D. puts
4.A.by B. in C. at D. with
5.A.sight B. will C. strength D. wisdom
6.A.happier B. happiest C. happy D. the happier
7.A.be B. do C. have D. make
8.A.she B. he C. it D. there
9.A.to B. with C. for D. on
10.A.wish B. to wish C. wishes D. wishing
11.A.what B. which C. if D. that
12.A.bad B. good C. happy D. well
13.A.into B. on C. upon D. onto
14.A.come of B. come up
C. come down D. come out
15.A.takes B. brings C. holds D. carries
16.A.of B. at C. on D. to
17.A.with B. by C. for D. on
18.A.compete B. competes
C. competed D. competing
19.A.reach in B. get at C. reach D. come at
20.A.consider B. are considered
C. are considering D. considered
21.A.made up of B. made into
C. made of D. made from
22.A.day B. morning C. evening D. night
23.A.a bed B. a table C. a mirror D. a room
24.A.happen B. take place C. hold D. has
25.A.that B. who C. when D. where
【解题指导】
1.本题讲的是结婚时的仪式，应用动词get married, a couple作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，故选B。
2.the wedding day 指的是具体的一天，应选C。
3.要使某物体into the air，四选项中只有throws一词得以完成，下文也有提示，故选A。
4.本题与下一题结合起来应用with all her strength这一短语，作“全力地”解。
6.根据前面The higher…，这里应用the happier…。The more…，the more这一句型表示“越……就越……”，前一句作状语，表示条件或假设，后一句是主句。
7.选A。与表语the happier搭配。make只能用于make sb happy 这一结构。
8.选C。it为形式主语，to invite不定式短语为逻辑主语。
9.选A。和invite搭配，invite to the wedding意思是“邀请……参加婚礼”。
10.选D。现在分词短语在这里作状语。
11.选D。用that引导表语从句。从句内容完整，不需要疑问词，故其它三项是错的。
12.要get rid of的当然是bad luck，而不可能是good luck或happy luck,故选A。
13.选A。jump into表示：“跳进……中去”。
14.选D。与前面jump into相对。
15.选B。brings a basin of clear water表示“新娘从某处端一盆干净水到新郎跟前来”。take一词和表示方向和副词或介词短语连用时表示“拿去”，不带状语时表示“拿着”，两种用法都不符合这里的语景。
16.选D。介词to和devotion搭配，one's devotion to sb作“对某人的忠诚”解。
17.选B。accompanied by…表示“在……陪伴下”，本句中作状语。
18.选A。作谓语、 主语是前面的the newlyweds,是复数。
19.选C。reach接宾语时不带介词。
20.选B。they are considered to be married表示“人们认为他们已结为夫妇了”，consider这里不是主语的动作，不作“考虑”解。
21.选C。这里指用蛇皮制成的袋，直观可看出制袋的材料，因此不用D。made up of表示“由……组成”，made into表示“(被)制成……”。两选项不符合句意。
22.选D。指整个新婚之夜。
23.下文有提示，故选C。
24.选C。hold a feast作“举行宴会”解。选项A、B为不及物动词，不能带宾语。
25.选B。引导非限制性定语从句。本句中marries them作“使他们结为夫妇”解，touching…现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随动作。
5
In San Francisco, an old man and his dog climbed up the 1 of a bus with some difficulty. After the senior citizen had put his 2 into the fare box. the driver told him that 3 would be fifty cents for 4 .“Just a quarter for 5 and you 6 fifty cents for my dog?”asked the man 7 .“That's the 8 ,”said the driver, hand 9 the fare box.“Full fare for 10 .”The other passengers
“Yeah, I guess 18 right，”the driver said, laughing.“So just 19 another quarter.”The man 20 the coin into the box and 21 proudly down the passageway(通道),explained,“We old 22 have to 23 around.”
An old person 24 the age of 65 only has to pay 25 the bus fare in the U.S.
1.A.entrance B. steps C. window D. door
2.A.dollar B. tax C. quarter D. purse
3.A.there B. it C. this D. he
4.A.the next stop B. the fare
C. trip D. the dog
5.A.him B. you C. everyone D. me
6.A.want B. get C. cost D. tell
7.A.happily B. suddenly
C. carefully D. unbelievably
8.A.agreement B. law C. rule D. order
9.A.breaking B. striking C. tapping D. knocking
10.A.every one B. dogs C. the trip D. old people
11.A.noticed B. saw C. observed D. watched
12.A.clothes B. pockets C. water D. bank
13.A.money B. cent C. pound D. dollar
14.A.enough B. lost C. here D. there